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North Dakota Economy: GDP, Income and Employment

North Dakota produced $82.3 billion in current-dollar GDP in 2025, 0.27% of the published U.S. total. Its real output changed 0.47% from 2024.

Gross domestic product

$82.3 billion

2025 · Current dollars · BEA SAGDP1 line 3
$82,349.8 million. Published September 30, 2026.

Real GDP growth

0.47%

2025 vs. 2024 · Annual change
Calculated from BEA SAGDP1 line 1, chained 2017 dollars.

Unemployment rate

2.2%

August 2026 · Seasonally adjusted · Preliminary
BLS LAUS · Published September 18, 2026.

Payroll job growth

0.49%

August 2026 vs. August 2025 · Seasonally adjusted
BLS state CES · 448.3 thousand nonfarm jobs.

Personal income per capita

$77,438

2025 · Dollars per resident · BEA SAINC1 line 3
Before personal current taxes. Published September 30, 2026.

Regional price level

88.959

2024 · U.S. = 100 · BEA all-items RPP
Published February 19, 2026. This measures price levels, not inflation.

North Dakota compared with the United States

Annual real GDP growth was 1.87 percentage points below the U.S. annual growth rate in 2025. Personal income per resident was $410 above the U.S. value of $77,028 in the same year. These comparisons use national observations from the same regional producer files.

The August unemployment rate was 1.9 percentage points below the national 4.1% reading. That numerical difference is not a statistical-significance claim. The 2024 price parity was 11.0% below the national benchmark. Household circumstances and local housing markets can differ from these state averages.

Where North Dakota ranks among states

GDP and income history

Current-dollar output rose 45.7% between 2017 and 2025 in this acquired history. That figure includes price change and is separate from real output growth. The chart uses the published price-adjusted total; chained-dollar industry components are not added together.

North Dakota real GDP, 2017–2025 — Millions of chained 2017 dollars 55,481.660,899.366,316.9 20172025 North Dakota real GDP, 2017–2025 — Millions of chained 2017 dollars 55,481.660,899.366,316.9 20172025
North Dakota annual accounts and spatial prices · acquired September 30, 2026
YearNominal GDP, $ millionsReal GDP, chained 2017 $ millionsIncome per resident, $All-items price parity
202582,349.865,268.377,438Not published
202481,571.864,963.473,12588.959
202379,027.063,506.372,06688.174
202276,494.558,615.371,08188.703
202164,838.257,697.766,16590.962
202056,522.056,716.260,43491.816
201960,894.859,354.256,64093.191
201860,377.158,477.755,15791.168
201756,530.256,530.251,81188.664

Missing 2025 price parities mean that year was not published in the acquired file. They are not treated as zero or estimated from another year.

Employment and unemployment history

Unemployment describes eligible resident jobseekers as a share of the civilian labor force. Payroll employment describes jobs at establishments in North Dakota. A commuter can live in another state; a person with multiple covered jobs can contribute multiple payroll jobs. Neither series substitutes for the other.

North Dakota unemployment rate, 2017–2026 — Percent of civilian labor force; seasonally adjusted 1.25.49.5 2017-012026-08 North Dakota unemployment rate, 2017–2026 — Percent of civilian labor force; seasonally adjusted 1.25.49.5 2017-012026-08

Scroll within the monthly table to read earlier observations; on narrow screens, scroll sideways for every column.

Monthly unemployment and payroll table
BLS state series · seasonally adjusted · payroll levels in thousands of jobs
MonthUnemployment, %Payroll jobs, thousandsUnemployment status
August 20262.2448.3Preliminary
July 20262.2447.5Published
June 20262.3447.4Published
May 20262.4447.6Published
April 20262.4448.3Published
March 20262.5450.4Published
February 20262.6448.5Published
January 20262.6446.9Published
December 20252.6444.6Published
November 20252.6445.9Published
October 2025Not published445.4Not published
September 20252.6446.4Published
August 20252.6446.1Published
July 20252.6446.5Published
June 20252.6447.2Published
May 20252.6447.4Published
April 20252.6447.8Published
March 20252.6447.3Published
February 20252.6447.4Published
January 20252.6448.0Published
December 20242.5447.7Published
November 20242.5448.8Published
October 20242.5447.9Published
September 20242.5448.1Published
August 20242.5448.1Published
July 20242.5447.5Published
June 20242.4447.0Published
May 20242.4447.0Published
April 20242.3445.9Published
March 20242.3444.8Published
February 20242.2443.4Published
January 20242.2442.4Published
December 20232.2443.1Published
November 20232.2441.0Published
October 20232.1441.0Published
September 20232.1440.6Published
August 20232.0438.5Published
July 20232.0438.1Published
June 20232.0438.4Published
May 20232.0436.4Published
April 20232.0435.1Published
March 20232.0436.6Published
February 20232.1436.6Published
January 20232.1435.5Published
December 20222.1431.7Published
November 20222.2433.7Published
October 20222.2432.1Published
September 20222.1430.8Published
August 20222.1429.7Published
July 20222.1429.5Published
June 20222.0427.9Published
May 20222.0425.9Published
April 20222.1424.6Published
March 20222.1425.1Published
February 20222.2424.0Published
January 20222.3422.8Published
December 20212.3422.1Published
November 20212.4422.0Published
October 20212.5420.8Published
September 20212.7419.2Published
August 20212.8418.8Published
July 20213.0418.8Published
June 20213.1416.3Published
May 20213.3415.0Published
April 20213.5415.9Published
March 20213.7413.1Published
February 20213.9411.1Published
January 20214.0411.1Published
December 20204.4408.7Published
November 20204.5408.3Published
October 20204.8411.0Published
September 20205.3409.3Published
August 20205.6407.9Published
July 20206.2404.8Published
June 20206.5399.2Published
May 20207.3395.8Published
April 20208.7386.4Published
March 20202.5438.2Published
February 20202.2440.5Published
January 20202.1440.5Published
December 20192.0440.8Published
November 20192.0441.0Published
October 20192.1441.7Published
September 20192.1440.9Published
August 20192.1442.0Published
July 20192.1441.2Published
June 20192.1441.5Published
May 20192.1442.0Published
April 20192.2440.9Published
March 20192.3440.0Published
February 20192.3439.7Published
January 20192.4439.9Published
December 20182.3439.8Published
November 20182.3438.8Published
October 20182.3437.9Published
September 20182.3437.2Published
August 20182.2436.8Published
July 20182.3437.1Published
June 20182.3437.3Published
May 20182.4436.3Published
April 20182.5433.0Published
March 20182.6435.5Published
February 20182.6434.3Published
January 20182.6434.1Published
December 20172.6432.9Published
November 20172.6432.2Published
October 20172.6432.4Published
September 20172.5431.5Published
August 20172.5432.6Published
July 20172.5433.3Published
June 20172.5433.4Published
May 20172.5434.2Published
April 20172.6435.2Published
March 20172.7432.6Published
February 20172.8432.1Published
January 20172.8431.5Published

Largest published industries in North Dakota

The table orders non-overlapping broad sectors by their 2025 current-dollar GDP in BEA SAGDP2. These shares describe production structure; they do not establish the sectors responsible for the most recent real growth. Suppressed or unavailable cells are omitted rather than reconstructed.

North Dakota largest acquired broad industries · 2025 · current dollars
IndustryProducer classificationOutput, $ millionsShare of state GDP
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction2111,450.613.90%
Government and government enterprises928,524.210.35%
Real estate and rental and leasing537,594.49.22%
Manufacturing31-336,850.68.32%
Wholesale trade426,658.58.09%

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction is the largest of the acquired broad sectors, at 13.9% of total nominal output. The next sectors are Government and government enterprises and Real estate and rental and leasing. The original industry classification and table line remain in the JSON download; no occupational wage or employment estimate is inferred from an output share.

Compare economies of a similar nominal size

The three states nearest North Dakota in 2025 nominal GDP are South Dakota, Montana, Rhode Island. These peers are selected by the absolute difference in total GDP, not by neighboring borders, household income, industry similarity or policy. Use the separate rankings to compare other dimensions.

Sources, downloads and geographic coverage

BEA state accounts: SAGDP1, SAINC1 and SARPP. BLS unemployment code: LASST380000000000003; payroll code: SMS38000000000000001. Geography: North Dakota, state FIPS 38; BEA area code 38000. Industry output uses the 2017 NAICS classification in SAGDP2. Original codes are text and must retain leading zeroes.

Source-file dates: GDP/income September 30, 2026; prices February 19, 2026; state labor September 18, 2026. Snapshot: regional-2026-09-30-reviewed. Estimates are revisable. This archive preserves the acquired figures and does not reproduce earlier published vintages. County or metro values are not inferred from this state profile.

Download state histories CSV · Dictionary and source checksums · BEA state GDP · BLS local unemployment · Compare regional purchasing power.

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